Invasive Pests You Should Always Kill On Sight

Your yard or home garden should serve as a tranquil oasis, where you can escape the worries of daily life and relax and unwind in a welcoming environment. However, there could be unwanted visitors lurking, eager to enjoy the lush foliage of your yard just as much as you do. Invasive pests can make themselves feel right at home in your garden and wreak havoc on nearby ecosystems. That's why, if you spot them, it's crucial to be proactive and take immediate action. 

Ignoring an invasive pest infestation could lead to damage to your property, your pets, and your loved ones. These pests can also carry dangerous pathogens that can result in illnesses like Lyme disease, West Nile virus, or the Zika virus. Some invasive pests can weaken or kill your plants, trees, and foliage. They can also attract other, more common pests to weakened, vulnerable plants and leave them susceptible to disease. 

One of the best ways to prevent an invasive pest infestation from worsening is by knowing what to look for so you can take appropriate measures to exterminate the problem before it gets out of hand. Some pest problems can be easily treated with DIY methods, but there are other common pests you're better off letting the pros exterminate for you. Here are 10 invasive pests to keep an eye out for around your property, and the next steps to take in case you do discover them creeping around your yard. 

Spotted lanternflies are insects that can easily be identified thanks to their distinct spotted pattern and bright red color. Unfortunately, this invasive species is becoming increasingly common in the northeastern parts of the United States, and sightings of the pest have been reported in 18 different states. Lantern flies are incredibly detrimental to nearby trees and plant life, since they feed on plants' sap and release a secretion that encourages mold and attracts other common pests. There are many ways to get rid of spotted lanternflies, including insecticide sprays, DIY traps, spraying vinegar, or simply stomping on them.

The emerald ash borer is another common invasive species that is easy to identify thanks to its eye-catching, metallic green appearance. This beetle is responsible for the death of millions of ash trees in the United States as it is known to lay its eggs in the nooks of the tree's bark. You can find the emerald ash borer in 40 states all across the U.S, but they primarily thrive in central and eastern regions of the country. Minor beetle infestations can be treated with insecticides, however, more severe cases may require help from professional exterminators.

The Asian longhorned beetle is easily identifiable due to its unique black and white striped antennae that exceed the length of the beetle's actual body. This invasive pest attacks hardwood trees across the United States by feeding and dwelling inside them. This leaves the trees nutrient-deficient and vulnerable to diseases and other pests. The damage can be so extensive that the beetle has been known to wipe out entire forests. The most proven effective way to get rid of Asian longhorned beetles promptly is by injecting insecticides to the tree's trunk or directly into the soil.  

To spot the brown marmorated stink bug, look for an insect with a flat body shaped like a shield and striped brown and white antennae. You can find evidence of this invasive species in 38 U.S states, but they are most commonly found in the mid-Atlantic region. Not only can the brown marmorated stink bug damage your beloved plants and release a foul odor, but they are also known to make their way inside the home during colder months to hibernate. To avoid an indoor infestation, make sure your home is properly sealed and vacuum regularly.

The spongy moth is an invasive pest that can be found North America and can be identified by the dark markings on its brown or white wings. They're commonly found in the Northeastern parts of the United States. When they are caterpillars, they're known to wreak havoc on hundreds of species of trees and shrubs. If left untreated, a spongy moth infestation can get out of control, and growing populations can pose a serious risk to nearby trees and forests. You can trap or physically remove the moths and their eggs or hire a professional to spray pesticides.

The coconut rhinoceros beetle is another invasive pest that can cause significant damage to trees, particularly coconut palm trees (Cocos nucifera L.) If you notice a shiny, dark beetle with large horns lurking around your yard, there's a chance you could be dealing with a coconut rhinoceros beetle. They are commonly found in tropical climates and have become a particular problem in Hawaii and other western Pacific regions. Keeping your yard tidy and free of debris can help prevent a coconut rhinoceros infestation, since they tend to seek out breeding materials like compost, stumps, and plant waste.

If you notice a dark fly with a yellow head and spots buzzing around your garden, you might be dealing with the European cherry fruit fly. This invasive pest targets fruit trees for feeding and reproduction and can cause serious damage to their host plants¹. The European cherry fruit fly is mainly found in New York, where the fly seeks out fruit-bearing trees to lay its larvae. To avoid an infestation, you can place pheromone traps near your fruit trees or spray organic insecticides that will aid in protecting your yard and fruit harvests. 

The bed bug is a common nuisance that needs no introduction. Unfortunately, bed bugs are small and incredibly good at hiding, but their reddish-brown, oval-shaped bodies can be seen with the naked eye. Before you spot a bed bug, however, you will probably notice red, itchy bumps from their bites. They like to hide in cloth furniture, linens, drapes, and of course, beds. Some of the best ways to get rid of bed bugs are with heat or pesticides, but maintaining a clean, decluttered home and avoiding secondhand furniture can also help prevent a pesky bed bug infestation.

The old world bollworm is notorious for feeding on a vast array of plants and posing a severe risk to agriculture industries across the United States, particularly corn and cotton crops. When looking out for a potential pest infestation, keep your eyes out for the old world bollworm's bright green caterpillars, which cause most of the damage by feeding on plants' flowers and fruits. They can be eradicated with insecticidal spray; however, if you spot one on your property, it is important to report the incident to federal, state, or local agricultural officials to avoid an invasion.

The European grapevine moth is another invasive pest that relies on fruit-bearing trees or flowers as host plants. They have light-colored wings with intricate markings in shades of blue, gray, black, and brown. The European grapevine moth has become a significant problem in states like California, where it feeds on grapes and small berries, causing substantial damage. Pheromone traps, insecticidal soap, and Bacillus thuringiensis powder are all effective methods to eliminate European grapevine moths. There are also more natural methods of repelling them, like neem oil, heavy pruning, and encouraging the presence of beneficial, natural predators.