How Far Off Your Property Line Should You Plant Trees?

There are many reasons to plant trees around your home. Trees add value to your property, provide natural shade, and attract desirable wildlife such as birds. However, unlike flowers and bushes, trees grow large — some very large — so planning their placement is essential. This is especially true along your property line, as problems can arise if your trees encroach on your neighbor's lot.

Deciding where to plant a tree isn't as simple as deciding how far from your property line to build a fence because trees expand their canopies and root systems as they grow. You may be held responsible for any damages caused if your tree's canopy or roots expand onto someone else's property. Therefore, you need to set your tree back several feet from your property line to account for this growth. A good rule of thumb is to estimate the radius of the tree's canopy at its mature size, then plant the tree at least half that distance from your property line. For instance, if a tree has a mature canopy width of 30 feet, set it back at least 7 or 8 feet (half the radius of the mature canopy) from the edge of your property.

Note that rules vary according to local laws and regulations. Before planting any trees, consult the zoning codes and HOA policies specific to your area. Also, trees are living organisms, and different species have their own growth rates and mature sizes. Research the trees you are planting so you (and your neighbors) don't get any surprises that may result in you having to cut down a beautiful tree you've been enjoying for years.

You already know that trees vary widely in size, from small, shrub-like ones to super-tall tree species. The best setback distance from your property's edge depends on the type of trees you're planting. For shrubs and hedge trees, a setback distance of 2 to 5 feet is usually enough. Small ornamental trees that have a mature canopy of less than 25 feet typically require a setback distance of about 3 to 6 feet.

A safe setback distance for medium-sized trees with a canopy growth of up to 50 feet is 10 to 15 feet, while a large shade tree on your property should be planted about 15 to 20 feet (or even further) from your property line. This is also useful to know when estimating how far to plant a tree from your home. You don't want to plant your tree far enough from your property line, only to realize after some years that you planted it too close to the side of your house!

Although we're using canopy size to estimate how far to plant trees from your property line, these guidelines aren't just about the size of the trees' branches. Root systems also grow quite large. These hidden roots can cause a lot of damage to foundations, pipes, or underground power and sewer lines. Don't overlook above-ground power and utility lines, either. While branches can be trimmed, planting trees too close to overhead lines can become a problem if it means you have to over-prune the tree to keep the branches at a safe distance.